Cargo drone sets heavy-lift record
Sabrewing Aircraft Company, Inc.’s heavy lift drone achieved its first hover flight while lifting a record-setting payload of 374 kilograms.
The RH-1-A Rhaegal (pronounced “Rye-gull”) vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) air cargo drone was able to lift the record-breaking payload, shattering the previous world record for the “dead-lift” of any commercial, vertical takeoff, uncrewed air vehicle (UAV).
Sabrewing says the Rhaegal “Alpha” aircraft is the world’s first autonomous cargo aircraft capable of both vertical and conventional take-off and is designed to take tons of cargo to any location, in almost any weather.
“We are extremely proud to have accomplished this milestone,” stated Ed De Reyes, chairman and CEO of Sabrewing.
“It’s been a long journey to get here, but we were unwilling to compromise safety or design. Our design and tests teams – and our development partners – invested tens of thousands of hours to make this milestone such a history-making success,” De Reyes added.
Iimprovements to the blades, ducts, and shape of the shroud of the aircraft’s ducted fans allowed each duct to produce 30 percent more thrust than it was originally designed to provide. These improvements contributed to the aircraft’s ability to lift the record payload.
The pre-production prototype aircraft weighed just over 1,225 kg for the first flight and is capable of a maximum gross weight (with payload) of up to 1,406 kg at altitudes up to 6,700 metres and 200 knots. When taking off conventionally, this aircraft has enough thrust to carry over two tons of cargo with the same range, altitude, speed and efficiency.
“This is only a fraction of what this aircraft can carry. But it proves that we’re able to lift more cargo on our maiden flight than any previous cargo UAV that has ever flown,” said De Reyes.
The Rhaegal aircraft uses a turbo-electric drivetrain based on Safran’s Helicopter Engines turbine-based motor, the Ariel 2E. The Ariel can use 50 percent sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), and turns an electric generator which produces nearly one megawatt of electric energy which in turn then powers electric motors in each of the four ducted fans.
“We’re able to generate more propulsive energy – much more efficiently – with a turbo-electric drivetrain and ducted fans than with batteries or directly driven by the turbine,” said Oliver Garrow, chief technology officer for Sabrewing.
“The Safran motor is currently cleared to use 50 percent sustainable aviation fuel (SAF). We expect to be one of the first aircraft manufacturers to use hydrogen when Safran completes testing on their motor in the next couple of years,” Garrow stated.
The aircraft was developed in partnership with Safran (turboshaft motors), Leonardo Aerospace (avionics), Toray (composite materials), Garmin (navigation), Attollo Engineering (LIDAR), Spider Tracks (remote positioning), US Cargo Systems (cargo floors) as well as software development by Cal State Channel Islands, The Ohio State University, UCLA and Oklahoma University.
The Rhaegal RG-1-B “Bravo” production aircraft is designed for first, middle and last mile cargo deliveries. It is capable of carrying over 10 different Unit Load Device (ULD) cargo containers. The Rhaegal can even power refrigerated cargo containers both on the ground and in the air – and has over 675 cubic feet (19 m3) of cargo space.
Sabrewing currently has purchase orders for 28 of the aircraft – destined for the World Food/World Health program – and another 102 firm orders, and letters of intent for over 400 aircraft; these orders represent a US$3.2 billion order book over the next six to seven years. Sabrewing also has contracts with the US Air Force to study the use of autonomous cargo delivery to austere environments, and even a demonstration of casualty evacuation for up to eight injured persons.
As the aircraft nears certification (Sabrewing was the first VTOL company to reach a ‘Basis of Certification’ agreement with the FAA in October of 2019), Sabrewing has also been working with the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) to begin certification flight testing of its aircraft. The first 28 aircraft are due to begin deliveries to the first customer by December of 2023.